{"id":10368,"date":"2025-08-08T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-08T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/?p=10368"},"modified":"2026-04-15T14:16:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T12:16:00","slug":"data-ethics-between-vision-and-reflection-why-data-scientists-must-think-critically","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/data-ethics-between-vision-and-reflection-why-data-scientists-must-think-critically\/","title":{"rendered":"Data Ethics Between Vision and Reflection \u2013 Why Data Scientists Must Think Critically"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Podcast: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Applied Data Science UNBOXED<\/a><br><strong>Episode 8: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Between Vision and Reflection \u2013 Why Data Scientists Must Think Critically<\/a> (German only)<br><strong>Host:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/fabio-sandmeier-2026a471\/?originalSubdomain=ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fabio Sandmeier<\/a><br><strong>Guest:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/orlando-budelacci-00204319b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prof. Dr. Orlando Budelacci<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-small-font-size\">Shortcuts:<br><a href=\"#Biases\">Biases<\/a> | <a href=\"#Data-Ethics\">Data Ethics<\/a> | <a href=\"#Warning-Lights\">Warning Lights<\/a> | <a href=\"#Creativity\">Creativity<\/a> | <a href=\"#Responsibility\">Responsibility<\/a> | <a href=\"#Reflection\">Reflection <\/a>| <a href=\"#Takeaway\">Takeaway<\/a> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>High above the city on the rooftop of the Lucerne School of Business, host <strong>Fabio Sandmeier<\/strong> meets Vice Dean of the Lucerne School of Arts and Design and Chairman of the HSLU Ethics Committee <strong>Prof. Dr. Orlando Budelacci<\/strong> to explore a deceptively simple question: What happens when algorithms make decisions for us? Over espresso and sunshine, they discuss invisible biases, shrinking personal agency, and the urgent need for ethical reflection in data-driven systems \u2013 not as an afterthought, but as a foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Biases\"><strong>00:40 \u2013 Jonas&#8217; Morning: Five Invisible Decisions \u2013 None of Them Fair<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine waking up to a string of small, unfair decisions \u2013 and never even noticing them.<br>That\u2019s exactly what happens to Jonas, a fictional job seeker whose morning is silently shaped by five algorithmic judgments:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No interview invites. His CV was filtered out by a recruiting algorithm because of a six-month employment gap.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His ride to the dentist is unusually expensive. The app marks his postal code as &#8220;less reliable&#8221; \u2013 classic location bias.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After paying at the dentist, he receives targeted ads for painkillers and implants. His supposedly anonymous health data wasn\u2019t so anonymous.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His music app keeps pushing only mainstream hits, ignoring his favorites. The algorithm sees him as a data outlier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A credit card application is denied. No explanation. The reason? A machine learning model flagged his postcode as risky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>What connects these moments? Jonas was profiled, filtered, nudged, and judged \u2013 all before lunch. And all without transparency, explanation, or recourse. This story powerfully illustrates why data ethics matters \u2013 and how it impacts real people daily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?t=40\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to this part (00:40)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Data-Ethics\"><strong>03:30 \u2013 On the Rooftop: What Data-Based Systems Mean for Our Freedom<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>With view over the rooftop Fabio Sandmeier and Prof. Dr. Orlando Budelacci discuss what Jonas\u2019 morning says about society. According to Budelacci, data-driven systems are already deeply embedded in our everyday lives. And with them come three core data ethics challenges:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Privacy<\/strong>: How much of ourselves are we giving away?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nudging<\/strong>: How subtly are we being steered toward certain choices?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bias<\/strong>: How do flawed or skewed datasets reinforce unfairness?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>At the heart lies a sobering principle: Garbage in, garbage out. If the data is bad, the decisions will be too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?t=209\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to this part (03:30)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Warning-Lights\"><strong>05:30 \u2013 Privacy, Nudging, Bias: Budelacci\u2019s Three Ethical Warning Lights<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Data systems are shifting decision-making power away from individuals. \u201cWe are no longer decision-makers,\u201d Budelacci says. \u201cWe\u2019re decision-receivers.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This loss of autonomy limits our options in everyday life. Even randomness \u2013 the freedom to be surprised \u2013 is being optimized out. Dating apps, hotel recommendations, route suggestions, even crime prediction \u2013 all aim to remove uncertainty, but also reduce spontaneity and personal agency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The challenge? Balancing the societal benefits of data with respect for individual freedom \u2013 a core concern of data ethics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?t=331\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to this part (05:30)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Creativity\"><strong>10:00 \u2013 AI and Creativity: Between Meaning and Automation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What about creativity? Even in the arts, algorithms now decide what becomes visible, what is trending, what gets funded. So, is creative work still truly human? Budelacci sees both danger and potential. On one hand, automatable creative tasks are under pressure. Algorithms can now generate decent music, text, and images instantly. On the other hand, true creativity is about meaning-making \u2013 telling stories about identity, transformation, and the human condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s where humans remain essential: selecting and interpreting data to craft narratives that matter. This intersection between creativity and data ethics is increasingly relevant across industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?t=601\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to this part (10:00)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Responsibility\"><strong>12:15 \u2013 Responsibility in the Master IDS: What Data Scientists Really Need to Know<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/\">MSc in Applied Information and Data Science<\/a><\/strong> at HSLU, students are not only taught to code, but also to think. Responsibility is a core theme. What should future data professionals learn?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Legal literacy<\/strong>: Understanding current laws and upcoming regulations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ethical sensitivity<\/strong>: Recognizing the societal impact of data-driven systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Critical thinking<\/strong>: Questioning assumptions, biases, and systemic limitations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As Budelacci notes: &#8220;This isn&#8217;t just about tools. It&#8217;s about understanding the world we\u2019re building with them.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?t=727\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to this part (12:10)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Explore the Master of Science in Applied Information and Data Science<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Reflection\"><strong>14:45 \u2013 Ethics from Day One: How Reflection Becomes Part of Every Development<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, what would a future with embedded ethics look like? Budelacci\u2019s vision: Data ethics and critical reflection becomes part of every project from day one \u2013 not an afterthought or a hurdle, but a core ingredient of good design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That includes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Regular ethics reviews in development processes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transparent Ethics Reports as part of business practice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A recognition that complexity must be handled with technology, not despite it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In short, data ethics should not limit innovation. It should shape it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?t=884\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to this part (14:45)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Takeaway\"><strong>Key Takeaway: Critical Thinking Is the New Skillset<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Back on the rooftop, as the espresso cups empty, one thing becomes clear: For data scientists, technical skill is no longer enough. Reflection, responsibility, and critical awareness must be part of the job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To avoid more mornings like Jonas\u2019, we need professionals who can not only build smart systems \u2013 but ask the right questions about them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/17515036?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to the full Episode 8 (German only)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"ghostkit-divider ghostkit-divider-type-solid ghostkit-custom-2iBB5K\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>More from the Podcast Applied Data Science UNBOXED<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you enjoyed this article, explore more blog posts from <em>Applied Data Science UNBOXED<\/em>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Episode 10<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzsprout.com\/2240257\/episodes\/18844929-a-perfect-day-on-the-slopes-how-gamification-personalises-the-mountain-experience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A perfect day on the slopes \u2013 How gamification personalises the mountain experience<\/a> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Episode 9<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/how-smartwatches-could-transform-diabetes-care\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">From Thesis to Publication \u2013 How Smartwatches could transform Diabetes Care<\/a> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Episode 8<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/data-ethics-between-vision-and-reflection-why-data-scientists-must-think-critically\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Data Ethics Between Vision and Reflection \u2013 Why Data Scientists Must Think Critically<\/a> (this blog)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Episode 7<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/tactics-meet-ai-when-algorithms-play-a-part-in-sport\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tactics Meet AI \u2013 When Algorithms Play a Part in Sport<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"info-events\"><br><strong>Start your career with the MSc in Applied Information and Data Science now! <br>Register and join us for a free online Info-Event:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"info-events\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/agenda\/veranstaltungen\/2026\/04\/27\/mscids-260427\/\" id=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/agenda\/veranstaltungen\/2026\/04\/27\/mscids-260427\/\">Monday, 27 April 2026 (Online, German)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/calendar\/events\/2026\/05\/11\/mscids\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Monday, 11 May 2026 (Online, English)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/agenda\/veranstaltungen\/2026\/05\/26\/mscids-260526\/\" id=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/agenda\/veranstaltungen\/2026\/05\/26\/mscids-260526\/\">Monday, 26 May 2026 (Online, German)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/agenda\/veranstaltungen\/2026\/06\/08\/mscids-260608\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Monday, 8 June 2026 (Online, German)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/calendar\/events\/2026\/08\/10\/mscids-20260810\/\" id=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/calendar\/events\/2026\/08\/10\/mscids-20260810\/\">Monday, 10 August 2026 (Online, English)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"info-events\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/information-events\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Join one of our online Info-Events<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n    <div id=\"tabs-block_a538ac8e2fee58daa55dda89e82636d7\" class=\"wk-tabs\" data-tab-component>\n        <div class=\"wk-tabs__tablist\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Tabbed content\">\n                            <button class=\"wk-tabs__tab-button\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"true\" aria-controls=\"tab-programme-information-content\" id=\"tab-programme-information\">\n                    Programme information                <\/button>\n                            <button class=\"wk-tabs__tab-button\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"tab-contact-content\" id=\"tab-contact\">\n                    Contact                <\/button>\n                            <button class=\"wk-tabs__tab-button\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"tab-professional-data-science-portraits-content\" id=\"tab-professional-data-science-portraits\">\n                    Professional Data Science Portraits                <\/button>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <section class=\"wk-tabs__tab-panel\" id=\"tab-programme-information-content\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"tab-programme-information\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"false\">\n                <p><strong>Programme Info<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/\">MSc in Applied Information and Data Science<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>More Field Reports &amp; Experiences<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/\">Professional portraits &amp; study insights<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/haeufig-gestellte-fragen\/\">FAQ<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/section>\n                    <section class=\"wk-tabs__tab-panel\" id=\"tab-contact-content\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"tab-contact\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                <p><strong>Contact<\/strong><br \/>\nContact us if you have any questions about the degree programme or for individual advice:<br \/>\nTel.: <a href=\"tel:+41412284253\">+41 41 228 41 30<\/a> \/ E-mail:\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:master.ids@hslu.ch\">master.ids@hslu.ch<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/section>\n                    <section class=\"wk-tabs__tab-panel\" id=\"tab-professional-data-science-portraits-content\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"tab-professional-data-science-portraits\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                <p><strong>Data Science Professional Portraits<\/strong><br \/>\nShortcuts:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-decision-scientist\/\">Decision Scientist\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-manager-internal-audit-data-analytics-leader\/\">Internal Audit Manager\/Data Analytics Leader\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-data-engineer-data-scientist\/\">Data Engineer\/Data Scientist\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-analyst-credit-management-office\/\">Analyst\/Credit Management Office\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-data-analyst\/\">Data Analyst\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-senior-consultant\/\">Senior Consultant\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-specialist-in-data-analytics\/\">Specialist Data Analytics<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-controlling-professional-and-data-science-specialist\/\">Controlling Professional and Data Science Specialist\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-data-science-consultant\/\">Data Science Consultant\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-chief-digital-officer-cdo\/\">Chief Digital Officer\u00a0<\/a>&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/en\/lucerne-school-of-business\/degree-programmes\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/student-experiences\/professional-portrait-research-associate\/\">Research Associate<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/studium\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/erfahrungsberichte\/berufsbild-digital-solutions-engineer\/\" target=\"_self\">Digital Solutions Engineer<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/studium\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/erfahrungsberichte\/berufsbild-chief-revenue-officer-cro\/\" target=\"_self\">Chief Revenue Officer<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hslu.ch\/de-ch\/wirtschaft\/studium\/master\/applied-information-and-data-science\/erfahrungsberichte\/berufsbild-malatec\/\" target=\"_self\">Malatec<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/section>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What happens when algorithms make invisible decisions in our everyday lives? How much responsibility do we carry in how we use data? Episode 8 of Applied Data Science Unboxed explores how data-driven systems impact fairness, privacy, and creativity \u2013 and why data ethics and critical reflection is essential in the education of future data scientists at Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":184,"featured_media":10600,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ghostkit_customizer_options":"","ghostkit_custom_css":"","ghostkit_custom_js_head":"","ghostkit_custom_js_foot":"","ghostkit_typography":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[48,130,106,206,205],"class_list":["post-10368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podcast-applied-science-unboxed","tag-applied-information-data-science","tag-data-science","tag-hslu","tag-questions","tag-sport-analytics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast 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increasingly decide for us.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/data-ethics-between-vision-and-reflection-why-data-scientists-must-think-critically\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Applied Data Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-08T06:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-15T12:16:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.hslu.ch\/applied-data-science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/08\/Applied-Data-Science-UNBOXED-Episode-8-Orlando-Budelacci.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"G\u00e9raldine Kaufmann\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written 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